Problems of Russia's participation in the system of international division of labor at the present stage

Abstract

The article investigates Russia's participation in the modern system of the international division of labor (IDL), identifies challenges arising from geopolitical changes, as well as new opportunities associated with them. The commodity and country structure of Russia's exports and imports for 2022 is analyzed, the main trading partners and traded goods are identified. It is noted that China is expected to become Russia's largest foreign trade partner. At the same time, the Russian-Chinese trade and economic cooperation is not in favor of Russia. The latter supplies China mainly with raw materials – the minimally processed goods that contain the lowest added value – in exchange for industrial science-intensive products. Such a commodity structure of trade is partly determined by Western restrictions and the corresponding geopolitical context. The consolidation of this commodity structure for a longer or shorter period will slow down Russia's achievement of technological sovereignty, threaten the national interests and security of the country, and therefore changes are needed. The problems of the international division of labor faced by our country related to the sanctions pressure of the collective West are considered. New opportunities for improving Russia's economic situation have been identified, the main conclusions about the prospects have been drawn, and mechanisms for participation in the international division of labor on equal terms, taking into account national interests, have been proposed. In particular, the mobilization of domestic lending is recommended, especially in technologically dependent, knowledge-intensive industries – aircraft and shipbuilding.