Institutional and technological features of global and Russian instrument engineering in the context of industrial transformation

In the context of increasing fragmentation of the global economy and transition to a new paradigm of industrial organization based on digitalization, platform technologies and strategic sovereignty, the study of institutional and technological features of instrument engineering acquires special importance. The article explores the evolution of instrument engineering as a separate sector in industrial systems, including its institutionalization in the Western economies and the planned-centralized model in the USSR with subsequent disintegration of the industry in the post-Soviet period. The aim of the study is a comparative analysis of the global and Russian development models of instrument engineering complex from the standpoint of institutional density, managerial architecture and technological maturity. The main institutional asymmetries hindering integration of the Russian industry into global value chains have been identified, the scope of possible convergence through cluster cooperation, implementation of platform solutions and development of digital double ecosystems have been outlined. It was concluded that there is a need for transition from the import substitution model to the ecosystem architecture of techno-sovereignty as the conditions for formation of competitive instrument engineering in the context of industrial transformation. 

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