The article investigates the formation of a networkization typology of the economy as a component of the process of its structural transformation in the context of increasing external shocks and, at the same time, a form of increasing resistance to them. It is based on the specifics of the action of network transformation factors directly related to the shock resistance of the national economy, such as innovative development in the system of centerless alliances of corporations focused on the "markets of the future" of the National Technology Initiative 2.0, inter-platform and inter-cluster network scientific and industrial cooperation, reproduction of human capital within the framework of the neural network "technological platform of the future". The author's methodology is formed by approaches to the analysis of network transformation factors in the system of structural shifts, its typology and technological modernization of the economy. Theoretical provisions of the network transformation of the economy, supplemented by its author's typology, include the identification of technological, organizational, structural types that differently characterize the complex use of such production factors as information and entrepreneurship and affect, respectively, the micro-, meso- and macrolevels of the economy. The authors have established that the basis for the long-term increase in the national economy's resilience to shocks is a structural shift - the result of the network transformation of the economy, leading to an increase in the efficiency of production factors and the expansion of autonomous investments in the reproduction system. Special attention in the work is given to the criteria for the typology of the network transformation of the national economy.

This article considers a mechanism for regulating national and international technology transfer. Directions for implementing the mechanisms for regulating national and international technology transfer that are most typical for modern economic conditions are systematized. The content of the main approaches to improving the efficiency of mechanisms for regulating national and international technology transfer is considered. The structure of the digital platform for crowdfunding financing of projects for the development and improvement of technologies and their subsequent scaling to national and global industry markets has been formed. The formation of such a structure of the crowdfunding digital platform for financing projects for the creation and improvement of technologies will allow activating possibilities of financial support for the implementation of the latter by increasing the potential attractiveness for various groups of crowdinvestors and, accordingly, will increase the likelihood of effective implementation of initiatives in the field of high-tech entrepreneurship, incl. competitive in global R&D and innovation markets.

The objectives and relevance of the research are to analyze the development of ferrous metallurgy in conditions of geo-economic uncertainty. The article investigates current problems of the development of the global ferrous metals market, primarily using the example of the G7 and BRICS countries. It shows the main risks and opportunities faced by industry as a whole and its individual enterprises under the influence of modern trends in technological development, regulatory requirements, and geo-political constraints.

Innovations are a key resource for development, contributing to the evolution of the product line, progress in production, logistics and management processes. Since expenses on innovations and re-search and development create a basis of the innovation process, there are two ways to accelerate technological development: increasing the level of expenses and increasing their efficiency. Based on this simple conclusion, we can formulate two ways of state management of technical progress: stimulating innovation expenses by companies using various methods or creating conditions for increasing the efficiency of innovation processes. The first solution seems to be an extensive path of development and is limited by budget capabilities. In addition, budget innovations are not always conditioned by their real usefulness for organizations, which negatively affects the overall efficiency of the process as a whole. The second way - creating favorable conditions for increasing the effectiveness of the innovation process for enterprises - seems to be a more rational solution. In this context, cooperation and integration are seen as the main factors due to which it is possible to increase the productivity of innovations in the business environment. At this stage of the evolutionary development of the economy, the most effective solution in world practice is the creation of clusters of innovative direction, for the participants of which the effectiveness of innovations increases due to the mutual proximity of their sources, internal connectivity within the cluster and the joint use of investments and R&D. In the context of the current study, an analysis of the development of cluster initiatives in Russia was conducted, an assessment of the dynamics and the current stage was given using the example of changes in the amount of R&D expenses for the participants of these integration associations. It was found that at present, expenses on scientific research activities among the participants of industrial clusters are decreasing, which is the reason for the low level of organizational interaction and the small size of the clusters themselves.

This study reveals trends in engineering training in Russia and identifies clusters of regions taking into account the formed dynamics and peculiarities of engineering education. Engineering specialty profiles are one of the key demanded areas of the natural science sector of education, which is emphasized in a number of strategic documents of the country's development (National Project “Personnel”, State Pro-gram of Scientific and Technological Development, etc.). The study is based on the statistical data of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation on more than 650 universities. The methods of descriptive statistics, dynamic and structural analysis were applied. The analysis of the dynamics of engineering student contingent and universities with engineering profile has revealed the following trends: uneven distribution of engineering training by federal districts; leading regions (Moscow, St. Petersburg, Tatarstan, etc.) provide a significant share of training, while a number of regions show a decrease in growth rates and insignificant contribution to the all-Russian indicator. As a result of the study, the regions are clustered by growth rates and contribution to engineering training into 8 groups, which allows classifying regions according to different trajectories of engineering education development. The leading regions include: Moscow, Tomsk, Novosibirsk, Samara, Novosibirsk Oblasts, Republic of Tatarstan, etc., and the lagging regions include Sakhalin Oblast, Yamalo-Nenets and Nenets Autonomous Okrug, etc. The detailed analysis of the regions allowed us to identify the most advanced regions of engineering education development. The detailed analysis of regions allowed identifying the leading engineering universities by regions (MEPhI, TPU, SamSTU, KAI, etc.). The results obtained are of practical value for the development of regional strategies and prioritization of state support of the natural science sector of education and science.

In the context of modern geopolitical instability and ever-increasing international competition, foreign economic activity has become a priority for developing the region's socio-economic potential and enhancing its competitiveness. The current challenges and complexities of global economic processes necessitate the improvement of methodological approaches to analyzing, evaluating, and forecasting the foreign economic activity of regions, taking into account their sectoral specifics, competitive advantages, institutional development levels, and the impact of globalization processes on the formation of effective and sustainable development models. The work used general theoretical methods such as induction, deduction, analogy, concretization, and classification, as well as practical methods such as observation, comparison, and economic and statistical analysis. The article investigates domestic and foreign methodological approaches to analyzing foreign economic activity of countries and regions. The key indicators of the Samara Region's foreign economic activity for 2012-2022 are analyzed. The results of the analysis confirm the thesis about the need to develop domestic methods for analyzing foreign economic activity and to develop an integrated approach to assessing the region's foreign economic activity, taking into account the institutional and strategic factors of analysis, integration and globalization processes in which the region is becoming a full-fledged participant today.

In the context of sustainable development, the creation of high-quality living conditions for the population is an integral part of global and state strategies for demographic and social development. Achieving development goals is impossible to imagine without providing citizens with high-quality health care services, which, in turn, are provided primarily by modern technical and technological means. In this vein, medical equipment, devices used in health care, various means of provision and support are important factors in maintaining the quality of medical services and a condition for achieving demographic objectives and sustain-able development goals in the field of ensuring a healthy life for all segments of the population and ages. Sanctions and trade restrictions have significantly limited the technical support of the health care sector, which has multiplied the demand for accelerated development of the domestic medical equipment manufacturing industry. Therefore, in the current situation, innovations in this area are a critically important and relevant area in the industry. The current work is devoted to finding solutions to optimize the development tools of regional production systems in the direction of medical equipment production. It is noted that in order to consolidate efforts in innovative development, it is advisable to maximally cooperate individual manufacturers, including representatives of small and medium-sized businesses. This will improve the efficiency of re-search and innovative activities in conditions of limited resources, foreign investment and budget funding.

To stimulate the progress of regional economic systems, it is advisable to focus on supporting the most competitive areas. In the context of sustainable development, this affects not only economic aspects, but also social and environmental aspects. This approach affects the structure of key development tools. Thus, the proposed methodology outlined in the current study is based on three key points: the need to form a convenient and meaningful integral indicator, the importance of taking into account all factors of sustainable development, as well as the need for planning and forecasting based only on these aspects. In a simplified way, the task of the work can be represented as the development of a methodology to increase the effective-ness of innovation for the sustainable development of regional economic systems. A harmonized system of tools implies a relatively high accuracy and speed in determining the most promising areas for the implementation and maximum effectiveness of innovations for a particular region. And, possibly, the development of standardized approaches in case of positive practice of applying the author's methodology in several regions. In this work, an integral economic indicator is calculated, on the basis of which it is possible to determine the specific weight of regions according to a number of basic statistical values characterizing the economic potential. It is also proposed to apply a number of indicators that bring the toolkit closer to the context of not just economics, but sustainable regional development.

This study is devoted to the analysis of compliance with the requirements of the labor market for software testing specialists and the provisions of the professional standard 06.004 «Information Technology Testing Specialist» for fourth-level specialists. The problem lies in the discrepancy between the actual practice of describing job functions in vacancies and the structure of job functions and qualification requirements of testing specialists in the professional standard for fourth-level specialists, which manifests itself in three key aspects: firstly, the vagueness and ambiguity of wording in job advertisements makes it difficult to adequately assess candidates' qualifications.; secondly, the stated requirements for candidates often do not correspond to the actual work functions defined in the current professional standard for fourth-level specialists, which reduces the effectiveness of the recruitment process; and thirdly, the de facto division of the labor market into manual and automated testing specialists contradicts the integrated approach of the professional standard, which contributes to the formation of incomplete and unsystematic professional training. This misalignment negatively affects the effectiveness of personnel selection, the quality of specialist training, and, ultimately, the quality of software development and maintenance. Hypothesis: a change in the structure of the description of labor functions and qualification requirements for software testing specialists in the professional standard of the fourth level of qualification will contribute to a more accurate selection of testing specialists in the labor market. Problem statement: significant discrepancies in the description of job functions in vacancies and in the requirements of the professional standard for the fourth level of qualification in soft-ware testing lead to a decrease in the effectiveness of personnel selection, a deterioration in the quality of specialist training and, as a result, to a decrease in the quality of the software being developed and maintained. The purpose of the study is to analyze the compliance of the description of the work functions of software testing specialists with the requirements of the labor market. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to solve the following tasks: to identify discrepancies between the requirements for software testing specialists stated in vacancies on popular job sites (HH.ru, Work.ru, trudvsem.ru), and the requirements established by the professional standard, to identify causes of these discrepancies and propose recommendations for their elimination in order to improve the effectiveness of personnel selection and the quality of specialist training.

In the context of the introduction of digitalization in the work of HR departments, problematic issues arise that require study and further solution. Initially, it was assumed that digitalization would bring both increased labor productivity and simplification of some tasks to the activity, but at the first stages, despite a large number of typical questions in HR records management that should have been simplified, not only problems arise, but often they remain unresolved. In addition, the labor intensity of the tasks performed actually increases. The article is devoted to the consideration of issues related to the implementation of HR electronic document management in an educational organization. The object is the HR records management of the organization. The authors propose indicators characterizing the effectiveness of the process of introducing EDM into the practical activities of the HR service. A step-by-step process of developing regulations is presented using the example of the document "Application for leave". The characteristics of the capabilities and disadvantages of the 1C program in automating processes are considered. The costs associated with the creation of an enhanced EDM for employees are presented. A comparative analysis of programs (1C, ECM and SAP) is provided based on the following criteria: administrative capabilities, implementation time, financial costs and employee training costs.

This article considers inflation forecasting methods using big data analysis in the context of import substitution policy implementation. The relevance of the study is determined by the need to adapt economic policy to modern challenges associated with global changes and internal economic processes. The authors scientifically substantiate that the use of big data analysis methods can increase the accuracy of forecasts and improve management decisions, which in turn contributes to sustainable economic development. Scientific novelty lies in the adaptation of forecasting methods to the specifics of an economy focused on import substitution, this includes taking into account changes in the structure of production, supply chains and consumer preferences, which has not previously been considered within the framework of classical inflation forecasting models. The results of the study can form a basis for developing more accurate and adaptive tools for managing inflation processes in the context of economic transformation.

The article is devoted to the study of the influence of the financial management system of commercial organizations on the development of the science of financial management. The relevance of the work lies in increasing the interest of the financial top management of companies in scientific developments to achieve their goals. Scientific novelty lies in identifying the relationship between the development of the financial management system of commercial organizations with the formation and development of the science of financial management. The article uses such research methods as: analysis, synthesis, modeling, observation and comparison, as well as data processing and interpretation. It examines in detail stages and history of the formation of financial management, finalizes the existing classification of the stages of the formation of financial management. The author's classification of the modern stage of the formation of the science of financial management is given. The role of the modern financial management system of commercial organizations on the formation of scientific developments and the formation of financial management is revealed. Modern methods and models of financial management in commercial organizations are studied in detail, and modern digital software technologies used in companies are considered. Based on the results of the work, conclusions are made, and recommendations are given on possible directions for further scientific research.